Preface

About the FAIR Principles

When “The FAIR Guiding Principles for Scientific Data Management and Stewardship” were initially published they addressed a very important aspect for the data management community: even though everyone in the RDM community knew, that the management of research data was important, it was very hard to communicate the goals and benefits to anyone outside the RDM teams. Data Managers faced a lot of backlash, because they had difficulties to properly explain why documantration of data was useful, how it was supposed to be organized, and what the additional value would be. At his point the FAIR guiding principles offered a relatively simpe narrative, describing the high level goals of RDM through four terms. The data should become Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable. The RDM community could very well identify themselves with these goals. In addition, four more concrete level principles (F1-4, A1-4, I1-4, R1-4) were listed, which outline particular practices aimed to achieve the higher level goals.

What happened was, that the data mangers tailored their data infrastructuires and ecosystems to conform with the lower level goals.

The FAIR Guiding Principles describe how research data and other digital objects should become Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable. However, Wilkinson et al. make clear that FAIR is not a technical standard or an implementation specification. The principles define desired outcomes but do not prescribe particular metadata schemas, identifiers, formats, vocabularies, protocols, or software solutions.

This flexibility allows FAIR to be applied across different disciplines, but it also creates limitations. Research communities must independently agree on suitable standards and apply them consistently. Without such coordination, two datasets may both be described as FAIR while still being technically or semantically incompatible. FAIRness is also gradual rather than binary: a resource may be highly findable but only weakly interoperable or reusable.

Another limitation is that machine actionability exists on a continuum. Machines may locate and access data without being able to interpret their meaning, licence, provenance, or possible uses. Rich metadata alone therefore do not guarantee meaningful interoperability, particularly when communities use different terminologies.

Finally, FAIR does not necessarily mean open. Restricted or sensitive data can still be FAIR when their metadata and access conditions are clearly described. The principles also do not directly assess scientific quality, ethical acceptability, long-term preservation, governance, or trustworthiness. Their practical success ultimately depends on shared community standards and coordinated implementation.

Introduction

The Character of This Wiki

Welcome to the wiki of Helmholtz Metadata Collaboration (HMC) Hub Earth and Environment! This platform is a permanent work in progress and represents our perspectives as the HMC Hub Earth and Environment and our community. More formal results are derived from here and published on the HMC website, our Hubs website, or in other resources.

The Helmholtz Metadata Collaboration

The HMC promotes the qualitative enrichment of research data by means of metadata – and implements this approach across the whole organization.

HMC develops and implements concepts and technologies for a sustainable handling of research data through high-quality metadata. Its main goal is to make the depth and breadth of research data produced by Helmholtz Centers findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR Principles1) Wilkinson, M. D. et al. The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship. Sci. Data 3:160018 doi: 10.1038/sdata.2016.18 (2016). ) for the whole science community. The intention to ensure FAIR data across Helmholtz is also contained in the “Recommendations for Policies of the Helmholtz Centers on Research Data Management”2) Empfehlungen für Richtlinien der Helmholtz-Zentren zum Umgang mit Forschungsdaten, 2019, Helmholtz Open Science, https://os.helmholtz.de/open-research-data/forschungsdaten-policies/ doi: doi.org/10.2312/os.helmholtz.002 .

Many people and stakeholder groups produce data relevant for research data, information and knowledge systems. In order to create a harmonized interoperable and ultimately FAIR data space, practices and processes need to be aligned across our data systems and implemented by these people and stakeholders.

The Content of This Wiki

In this Wiki, the HMC Hub Earth and Environment and its partners will formulate recommendations for such aligned practices for the community. We are making concrete suggestions for the implementation and support with practical suggestions for such procedures.

To achieve FAIR data across the various Helmholtz Earth and Environment data infrastructures (DIS), we have developed the Road-to-FAIR-Strategy. This strategy describes a number of coordinated efforts. As a first step, the existing DIS and their interfaces are examined to identify best practices that can serve as models. Based on this, different committees work together to develop concrete implementation steps for specific goals. For each agreed-upon building block, concrete recommendations are formulated and documented. These recommendations are developed and presented in this Wiki as a living handbook and will evolve over time as work progresses.

The resulting recommendations are consistently documented using the same guiding questions and a harmonized structure. Two perspectives must therefore be considered: on the one hand, the discussion and agreement on content; on the other, the administrative and technical implementation. Each individual step required for implementation must be examined. The perspectives and roles of the various stakeholders are taken into account to ensure that all influencing factors are considered in detail. In addition, the decision-making processes that lead to established procedures are outlined—both from the bottom up and from the top down.

This provides a foundation for optimizing the procedures concerning the individuals involved, their responsibilities, and the necessary actions. In order for the FAIR approach to be successful, it is essential that identified stakeholders take on specific responsibilities.

Contributions

The contributors to this wiki are

HMC Hub Earth and Environment

Working group Arbeitskreis Metadaten

Working group Arbeitskreis Semantik

Both working groups are formed by the HMC Hub Earth and Environment and the DataHub Earth and Environment.

For questions, comments and suggestions, please write to hmc-hub_ee@geomar.de.